Ianthe Cervical bleeding can be intervened through daily care, drug treatment, physical therapy, surgical treatment, etc. Cervical bleeding may be related to factors such as cervicitis, cervical polyps, endometriosis, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and cervical cancer.
1. Daily care
Reducing local irritation can help relieve symptoms, and it is recommended to avoid using vaginal douches or fragrance-based hygiene products. Choose pure cotton breathable underwear and change it every day. Use condoms during sex to reduce friction damage. Observe the amount of bleeding and color changes. If there is a large amount of bright red bleeding or an odor, seek medical attention immediately. Keep the vulva clean and dry, and stop bathing to prevent retrograde infection.
2. Drug treatment
For bacterial cervicitis, vaginal suppositories such as Sophora flavescens gel and Baofukang suppository can be used as directed by the doctor. When combined with chlamydia infection, oral azithromycin tablets can be used. For contact bleeding caused by cervical polyps, Yunnan Baiyao capsules need to be used to prevent infection after surgery. For cyclic bleeding caused by endometriosis, dienogest tablets can be considered for hormone regulation. Sexual intercourse is prohibited during medication to avoid affecting drug absorption or causing secondary damage.
3. Physical therapy
For cervical erosion-like changes, cryotherapy can be used to make the diseased tissue necrotic and fall off. It is normal to have light yellow discharge after treatment. High-frequency electrosurgical circumcision is suitable for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with persistent bleeding, and interferon suppositories need to be used prophylactically after surgery. Laser treatment can precisely vaporize bleeding lesions, and temporary watery discharge may occur during recovery. Sexual intercourse and heavy manual labor are prohibited within 2 months after all physical treatments.
4. Surgical treatment
Cervical conization is suitable for high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, and the resected tissue needs to be sent for pathological examination to confirm whether the edges are clean. Extensive hysterectomy is performed for invasive cervical cancer, and lymph node metastasis needs to be assessed before surgery. After surgery, a urinary catheter needs to be left in place to prevent venous thrombosis in the lower limbs, and HPV and TCT tests must be reviewed regularly. Patients with severe anemia require red blood cell suspension transfusion before surgery to improve oxygen-carrying capacity.
5. Cause management
Persistent HPV infection requires regular colposcopy monitoring, and nine-valent HPV vaccine can be vaccinated to prevent high-risk infections. Controlling blood sugar in diabetic patients can reduce the difficulty of cervical repair. Topical estrogen ointment improves mucosal atrophic bleeding in postmenopausal women. Those with fertility needs should give priority to conservative treatment, as surgery may affect cervical function. Long-term oral contraceptive users should be evaluated for the risk of thrombosis.
When cervical bleeding occurs, the relationship between bleeding time and menstrual cycle should be recorded to avoid using tampons to aggravate mucosal damage. Repeat HPV and TCT screening 3-6 months after treatment. Bleeding after intercourse needs to be checked for new lesions. Maintain moderate exercise to enhance immunity, and consume adequate amounts of vitamin C and high-quality protein every day to promote tissue repair. Emergency treatment is required immediately if fever, severe abdominal pain or blood clot diameter exceeds 3 cm.
