Alicia Bacterial vaginosis mainly presents with symptoms such as increased vaginal discharge, odor, and vulvar itching. Bacterial vaginosis is a common gynecological disease caused by an imbalance of the normal flora in the vagina, usually related to the overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria such as Gardnerella vaginalis.
1. Increased secretions
Patients with bacterial vaginosis often have gray-white thin discharge, which is significantly more than usual. This discharge adheres evenly to the vaginal wall and has a thin, watery or creamy texture. The increase in secretions is due to the massive proliferation of anaerobic bacteria in the vagina, which leads to an increase in vaginal pH and stimulates increased vaginal mucosal secretion. It is recommended to keep the vulva clean and dry and avoid using harsh lotions.
2. Fishy smell
The characteristic symptom of bacterial vaginosis is discharge with a distinct fishy smell, especially after sexual intercourse or during menstruation. This odor is caused by anaerobic bacteria breaking down proteins in vaginal secretions to produce amines. Odors may affect a patient's social life and mental health. It is recommended to wear breathable cotton underwear and avoid tight pants.
3. Vulvar itching
About half of patients will experience varying degrees of vulvar itching or burning sensation. Itching is usually intermittent and may be caused by irritation from secretions or changes in local pH. Severe itching may lead to scratching, increasing the risk of secondary infection. It is recommended to avoid scratching and wash with warm water to relieve discomfort.
4. Discomfort in urination
Some patients may experience a slight burning sensation when urinating or frequent urination. This is caused by inflammation of the vagina irritating the adjacent urethral opening. Urinary discomfort is usually mild, and there are no obvious symptoms of bladder irritation such as urgency or painful urination. It is recommended to drink more water to maintain smooth urination.
5. Asymptomatic manifestations
About 10%-40% of patients with bacterial vaginosis may have no obvious symptoms and are only discovered during a gynecological examination. Asymptomatic patients still need treatment because bacterial vaginosis may increase the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease, premature birth, etc. It is recommended to have regular gynecological examinations to detect potential problems in time.
Patients with bacterial vaginosis should keep their vulva clean and avoid excessive washing of the inside of the vagina. Wear breathable cotton underwear and avoid using panty liners for extended periods of time. Sexual intercourse should be avoided during treatment, and sexual partners generally do not require treatment. Probiotic-containing foods such as yogurt can be appropriately added to the diet to help restore normal vaginal flora. If symptoms persist or worsen, you should seek medical treatment in time. The doctor may prescribe metronidazole tablets, clindamycin vaginal cream, tinidazole suppositories and other drugs for treatment. Avoid self-medication and standardize treatment under the guidance of a doctor.
